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Design concepts of an aircraft wing: composite and morphing airfoil with auxetic structures

P R BUDARAPU,Sudhir Sastry Y B,R NATARAJAN

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2016, Volume 10, Issue 4,   Pages 394-408 doi: 10.1007/s11709-016-0352-z

Abstract: This paper is categorized into two parts. (1) A frame work to design the aircraft wing structure and(2) analysis of a morphing airfoil with auxetic structure.The aerodynamic loads acting on a wing structure are converted to equivalent distributed loads, whichFurthermore, the discussed design principles in the first part are extended to the design of a morphingThe advantages of the morphing airfoil with auxetic structure are (i) larger displacement with limited

Keywords： wing design     aerodynamic loads     morphing airfoil     auxetic structures     negative Poisson’s ratio    

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Deformation analysis of shape memory polymer for morphing wing skin under airflow

Weilong YIN, Jingcang LIU, Jinsong LENG,

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2009, Volume 4, Issue 4,   Pages 447-449 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0062-5

Abstract: The method for analyzing the out-of-plane deformation of a flexible skin under airflow is developed in this paper. The aerodynamic analysis is performed using the CFD software, and the structural analysis is performed using finite element method. The chief aim of the present study is to investigate the out-of-plane deformation of the shape memory polymer (SMP) skin at different temperatures. Numerical results show that the maximum out-of-plane displacement of the SMP skin increases with increasing temperature. When the SMP skin is heated to 53°C, the maximum out-of-plane displacement is about 7 mm. It decreases by 72%, when the SMP skin is applied with a uniform pre-strain of 0.1.

Keywords： aircraft     morphing     skin     shape memory polymer (SMP)     deformation     pre-strain    

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Kinematical synthesis of an inversion of the double linked fourbar for morphing wing applications

J. AGUIRREBEITIA, R. AVILéS, I. FERNáNDEZ, M. ABASOLO

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2013, Volume 8, Issue 1,   Pages 17-32 doi: 10.1007/s11465-013-0364-5

Abstract:

This paper presents the kinematical features of an inversion of the double linked fourbar for morphingwing purposes.dimensional synthesis; in this sense, two kinds of dimensional synthesis are arranged to guide the wing

Keywords： morphing wing     structural synthesis     dimensional synthesis     geometrical kinematics    

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Structural design of morphing trailing edge actuated by SMA

Qi WANG, Zhiwei XU, Qian ZHU

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2013, Volume 8, Issue 3,   Pages 268-275 doi: 10.1007/s11465-013-0261-y

Abstract:

In this paper, the morphing trailing edge is designed to achieve the up and down deflection underSMA specifications and layout programs, a solid model is created in CATIA and the structures of the morphingwing trailing edge are produced by CNC machining.set of DSP measurement and control system is designed to accomplish the controlling experiment of the morphingwing trailing edge.

Keywords： morphing wing trailing edge     shape memory alloy     digital signal processor     PID algorithm    

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Design and applications of morphing aircraft and their structures

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2023, Volume 18, Issue 3, doi: 10.1007/s11465-023-0750-6

Abstract: Morphing aircraft can adaptively regulate their aerodynamic layout to meet the demands of varying flightThe design and fabrication of high-performance, lightweight, and intelligent morphing structures haveFirst, some conventional mechanical morphing aircraft are examined with focus on their morphing modesadditive manufacturing for fabricating complex morphing structures, lattice technology for reducingstructural weight, and multi-mode morphing combined with flexible skins and foldable structures, are

Keywords： morphing aircraft     additive manufacturing     lattice structure     smart material     flexible structure     flexible    

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Investigations on color variations of Morpho rhetenor butterfly wing scales

Guanglan LIAO, Haibo ZUO, Xuan JIANG, Xuefeng YANG, Tielin SHI

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2012, Volume 7, Issue 4,   Pages 394-400 doi: 10.1007/s11465-012-0347-y

Abstract:

Experiments and simulations are carried out to investigate the optical properties of butterfly wingThe upper surface of a male butterfly wing presents a single-layer of scales, the microstructures ofThis research benefits our understanding of the color variation mechanisms of the wing scales, and provides

Keywords： Morpho rhetenor     microstructures     color variations     ambient medium    

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Deformation characteristics of corrugated composites for morphing wings

Ruijun GE, Bangfeng WANG, Changwei MOU, Yong ZHOU,

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2010, Volume 5, Issue 1,   Pages 73-78 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0063-4

Abstract: To meet the needs of morphing and withstand aerodynamic loads of a morphing wing skin, a corrugated glassThe corrugated composite can provide a possible choice for morphing wing skin.

Keywords： corrugated composites     deformation characteristic     numerical analysis     experiment    

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Module-based method for design and analysis of reconfigurable parallel robots

Fengfeng XI, Yuwen LI, Hongbo WANG

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2011, Volume 6, Issue 2,   Pages 151-159 doi: 10.1007/s11465-011-0121-6

Abstract: Among three types of reconfigurations, namely, geometry morphing, topology morphing, and group morphinglast two reconfigurations, thereby advancing the current research that is mainly limited to geometry morphingTwo examples are provided, one showing the topology morphing and the other showing the group morphing

Keywords： reconfigurable parallel robot     topology morphing     group morphing    

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Design Feature and Evolution of Dynamic Air Cushion Wing-in-ground Effect Craft

Hui Liang,wu Chengjie,xie Younong,Peng Guihua

Strategic Study of CAE 2000, Volume 2, Issue 3,   Pages 67-72

Abstract:

The design features and the evolution of the Amphibious wing in Ground Effect Craft (AWIG) (also socalled Dynamic Air Cushion Wing-in-Ground Effect Craft, DACWIG) in China are described in this paper

Keywords： dynamic air cushion     amphibious     wing-in-ground effect craft     feature     evolution    

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Modeling process-structure-property relationships for additive manufacturing

WAGNER, Wing Kam LIU

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2018, Volume 13, Issue 4,   Pages 482-492 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0505-y

Abstract:

This paper presents our latest work on comprehensive modeling of process-structure-property relationships for additive manufacturing (AM) materials, including using data-mining techniques to close the cycle of design-predict-optimize. To illustrate the process-structure relationship, the multi-scale multi-physics process modeling starts from the micro-scale to establish a mechanistic heat source model, to the meso-scale models of individual powder particle evolution, and finally to the macro-scale model to simulate the fabrication process of a complex product. To link structure and properties, a high-efficiency mechanistic model, self-consistent clustering analyses, is developed to capture a variety of material response. The model incorporates factors such as voids, phase composition, inclusions, and grain structures, which are the differentiating features of AM metals. Furthermore, we propose data-mining as an effective solution for novel rapid design and optimization, which is motivated by the numerous influencing factors in the AM process. We believe this paper will provide a roadmap to advance AM fundamental understanding and guide the monitoring and advanced diagnostics of AM processing.

Keywords： additive manufacturing     thermal fluid flow     data mining     material modeling    

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Fluid-Aerodynamics Performance Investigation of Dynamic Air Cushion Wing-in-ground Effect Craft

Yun Liang,Wu Chengjie,Xie Younong

Strategic Study of CAE 2000, Volume 2, Issue 4,   Pages 48-52

Abstract: difficulties of the craft design as well as the experimental investigation of DACWIG (Dynamic Air Cushion Wing-in-ground

Keywords： dynamic air cushion     wing in ground effect craft     performance    

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Data-Driven Microstructure and Microhardness Design in Additive Manufacturing Using a Self-Organizing Map Article

Wagner, Jian Cao, Wing Kam Liu

Engineering 2019, Volume 5, Issue 4,   Pages 730-735 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.03.014

Abstract:

To design microstructure and microhardness in the additive manufacturing (AM) of nickel (Ni)-based superalloys, the present work develops a novel data-driven approach that combines physics-based models, experimental measurements, and a data-mining method. The simulation is based on a computational thermal-fluid dynamics (CtFD) model, which can obtain thermal behavior, solidification parameters such as cooling rate, and the dilution of solidified clad. Based on the computed thermal information, dendrite arm spacing and microhardness are estimated using well-tested mechanistic models. Experimental microstructure and microhardness are determined and compared with the simulated values for validation. To visualize process–structure–properties (PSP) linkages, the simulation and experimental datasets are input to a data-mining model—a self-organizing map (SOM). The design windows of the process parameters under multiple objectives can be obtained from the visualized maps. The proposed approaches can be utilized in AM and other data-intensive processes. Data-driven linkages between process, structure, and properties have the potential to benefit online process monitoring control in order to derive an ideal microstructure and mechanical properties.

Keywords： Additive manufacturing     Data science     Multiphysics modeling     Self-organizing map     Microstructure     Microhardness     Ni-based superalloy    

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Tall Buildings with Dynamic Facade Under Winds Article

Fei Ding, Ahsan Kareem

Engineering 2020, Volume 6, Issue 12,   Pages 1443-1453 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.07.020

Abstract: To leap beyond the static shape optimization, autonomous dynamic morphing of the building shape is advanced

Keywords： Tall buildings     Aerodynamic shape tailoring     Autonomous morphing     Cyber–physical system     Computational    

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Affine formation tracking control of unmanned aerial vehicles Research Articles

Huiming LI, Hao CHEN, Xiangke WANG

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2022, Volume 23, Issue 6,   Pages 909-919 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2100109

Abstract:

The tracking problem for (UAVs) is considered in this paper, where fixed-wing UAVs are modeled asFurthermore, a saturated control strategy is proposed to meet the speed constraints of fixed-wing UAVs

Keywords： Affine formation     Fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicles     Multi-agent system    

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A Systematic Approach for Making 3D-Printed Patient-Specific Implants for Craniomaxillofacial Reconstruction Article

Ruxu Du, Yu-Xiong Su, Yu Yan, Wing Shan Choi, Wei-Fa Yang, Chunyu Zhang, Xianshuai Chen, Justin Paul

Engineering 2020, Volume 6, Issue 11,   Pages 1291-1301 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.02.019

Abstract:

Craniomaxillofacial reconstruction implants, which are extensively used in head and neck surgery, are conventionally made in standardized forms. During surgery, the implant must be bended manually to match the anatomy of the individual bones. The bending process is time-consuming, especially for inexperienced surgeons. Moreover, repetitive bending may induce undesirable internal stress concentration, resulting in fatigue under masticatory loading in vivo and causing various complications such as implant fracture, screw loosening, and bone resorption. There have been reports on the use of patient-specific 3D-printed implants for craniomaxillofacial reconstruction, although few reports have considered implant quality. In this paper, we present a systematic approach for making 3D-printed patient-specific surgical implants for craniomaxillofacial reconstruction. The approach consists of three parts: First, an easy-touse design module is developed using Solidworks® software, which helps surgeons to design the implants and the axillary fixtures for surgery. Design engineers can then carry out the detailed design and use finite-element simulation (FEM) to optimize the design. Second, the fabrication process is carried out in three steps: ① testing the quality of the powder; ② setting up the appropriate process parameters and running the 3D printing process; and ③ conducting post-processing treatments (i.e., heat and surface treatments) to ensure the quality and performance of the implant. Third, the operation begins after the final checking of the implant and sterilization. After the surgery, postoperative rehabilitation follow-up can be carried out using our patient tracking software. Following this systematic approach, we have successfully conducted a total of 41 surgical cases. 3D-printed patient-specific implants have a number of advantages; in particular, their use reduces surgery time and shortens patient recovery time. Moreover, the presented approach helps to ensure implant quality.

Keywords： Patient-specific implant     Craniomaxillofacial reconstruction     3D printing     Surgery    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Design concepts of an aircraft wing: composite and morphing airfoil with auxetic structures

P R BUDARAPU,Sudhir Sastry Y B,R NATARAJAN

Journal Article

Deformation analysis of shape memory polymer for morphing wing skin under airflow

Weilong YIN, Jingcang LIU, Jinsong LENG,

Journal Article

Kinematical synthesis of an inversion of the double linked fourbar for morphing wing applications

J. AGUIRREBEITIA, R. AVILéS, I. FERNáNDEZ, M. ABASOLO

Journal Article

Structural design of morphing trailing edge actuated by SMA

Qi WANG, Zhiwei XU, Qian ZHU

Journal Article

Design and applications of morphing aircraft and their structures

Journal Article

Investigations on color variations of Morpho rhetenor butterfly wing scales

Guanglan LIAO, Haibo ZUO, Xuan JIANG, Xuefeng YANG, Tielin SHI

Journal Article

Deformation characteristics of corrugated composites for morphing wings

Ruijun GE, Bangfeng WANG, Changwei MOU, Yong ZHOU,

Journal Article

Module-based method for design and analysis of reconfigurable parallel robots

Fengfeng XI, Yuwen LI, Hongbo WANG

Journal Article

Design Feature and Evolution of Dynamic Air Cushion Wing-in-ground Effect Craft

Hui Liang,wu Chengjie,xie Younong,Peng Guihua

Journal Article

Modeling process-structure-property relationships for additive manufacturing

WAGNER, Wing Kam LIU

Journal Article

Fluid-Aerodynamics Performance Investigation of Dynamic Air Cushion Wing-in-ground Effect Craft

Yun Liang,Wu Chengjie,Xie Younong

Journal Article

Data-Driven Microstructure and Microhardness Design in Additive Manufacturing Using a Self-Organizing Map

Wagner, Jian Cao, Wing Kam Liu

Journal Article

Tall Buildings with Dynamic Facade Under Winds

Fei Ding, Ahsan Kareem

Journal Article

Affine formation tracking control of unmanned aerial vehicles

Huiming LI, Hao CHEN, Xiangke WANG

Journal Article

A Systematic Approach for Making 3D-Printed Patient-Specific Implants for Craniomaxillofacial Reconstruction

Ruxu Du, Yu-Xiong Su, Yu Yan, Wing Shan Choi, Wei-Fa Yang, Chunyu Zhang, Xianshuai Chen, Justin Paul

Journal Article